Three calligraphic panels in black naskh script of Arabic and Ottoman poems. Signed by Hafiz Mustafa Rakam Afendi and Ahmed Halim. calligraphy 31 by 23 cm., 41 by 22 cm., 16 by 22 cm. CATALOGUE NOTE Hafiz Mustafa Raqam born in a small city located at the black sea in 1171 AH/1757 AD. He was a student at Darwish Ali III for a while, then began writing lines for statesmen and the wealthy classes in Istanbul. For his creativity the Sultan appointed him as a teacher of the royal palace, and was entrusted to draw the currency and the Sultan Tughra in the firmans issued by the Sultan.