LOT 655 Roman Bullae, Tesserae or Tokens
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3rd century BC-1st century AD. A mixed group of ceramic bullae, tesserae or theatre tokens bearing low-relief motifs, mainly consisting of profile bts and seated deities. 38.6 grams total, 15-24mm (1/2 - 1"). Lincolnshire collection, 1990s. Property of a Ssex gentleman. The term 'tessera' was ed in Roman times to convey the Greek term ???????? (token"). Small tiles are known as tokens, often shaped like coins, made of metal (copper, lead, iron), clay, bone, wooden or glass, stamped as well as engraved. The tokens however are not exclively coin shaped, as the Latin term 'tessera' suggests by etymologically referring to a square or at least a four sided shape and confirmed in several cases by material remains of the past. Tokens and tesserae seem to have been ed both in Athens and Rome for the distribution of goods. According to written sources, the term token is identified with credentials of the official authorities. They have also been interpreted as tokens of identity, as entrance tickets to theatre performances, tribunals or assemblies of citizens, archival material of seal engraving, as pawns in games, Charons obols and even as amulets. [20, No Reserve]
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