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Home > Auction >  Fine Art >  Lot.2011 Jan Swart van GroningenAltarpiece with the CrucifixionOil on panel. Central panel 101 x 82 cm,

LOT 2011 Jan Swart van GroningenAltarpiece with the CrucifixionOil on panel. Central panel 101 x 82 cm,

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Jan Swart van Groningen Altarpiece with the Crucifixion Oil on panel. Central panel 101 x 82 cm, each wing 101 x 32 cm. Provenance The Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe collection. - The Singewald collection, Leipzig. - The Grzimek collection, Berlin, 1936. - Henceforth in family ownership. Exhibitions Kaiser Friedrich Museumsverein, Berlin 1906, no. 62 (labelled to the reverse). Literature Max J. Friedländer: Die altniederländische Malerei. vol. 13. Anthonis Mor und seine Zeitgenossen, Leiden 1936, p. 22 & 141, no. 2, pl. II. Little is known about the biography of Jan Swart van Groningen. He probably arrived in Antwerp around 1520, here he was to work primarily on designs for woodcuts and stained glass windows. The most prominent work in his presumably less significant painted oeuvre is the “Sermon of John the Baptist” (Munich, Alte Pinakothek, inv. no. 150), which can be dated to around 1528. This altarpiece, probably painted after the “Sermon” shows the Crucifixion to the central panel. The three crosses of Christ and the two thieves are shown before an unusual landscape, but not frontally, as in the traditional depiction, but arranged horizontally so that the lamenting Virgin forms the centre of the composition. The side panels, when opened, show Christ carrying the cross to the right and the Resurrection to the left. When closed, the altarpiece shows the adoring donor of the altarpiece - whose mitre and crozier identifies him as a bishop - depicted opposing an image of Christ as the Man of Sorrows. The three panels were probably set into the current frame (130 x 194 cm) whilst they were kept in the Grzimek collection, the hinges of the outer wings allow them to be opened outwards instead of inwards. Jan Swart van Groningen Flügelaltar mit der Kreuzigung Christi Öl auf Holz. Mitteltafel 101 x 82 cm, Flügel jeweils 101 x 32 cm. Provenienz Sammlung Fürst zu Schaumburg-Lippe. - Sammlung Singewald, Leipzig. - Sammlung Grzimek, Berlin, 1936. - Seither in Familienbesitz. Ausstellungen Kaiser Friedrich Museumsverein, Berlin 1906, no. 62 (labelled to the reverse). Literatur Max J. Friedländer: Die altniederländische Malerei. Bd. 13. Anthonis Mor und seine Zeitgenossen, Leiden 1936, S. 22 u. 141, Nr. 2, Taf. II. Über die Biographie Jan Swarts van Groningen ist wenig bekannt. Vermutlich ist er gegen 1520 nach Antwerpen gekommen, um hier besonders als Entwerfer für Holzschnittillustrationen und Glasfenster zu arbeiten. Das Hauptwerk seiner wohl weniger großen malerischen Produktion wird in der "Predigt Johannes des Täufers" (München, Alte Pinakothek, Inv. Nr. 150) gesehen, die um 1528 zu datieren ist. Unser wohl in der Folgezeit entstandener Flügelaltar zeigt als Mittelbild die Darstellung der "Kreuzigung Christi", in der vor einer markant gestalteten Landschaft die drei Kreuze Christi und der Schächer nicht frontal wiedergegeben, sondern diagonal in den Raum hineinkomponiert sind, wobei zudem nicht das Kreuz Christi, sondern die trauernde Muttergottes das Zentrum der Komposition bildet. Auf den Flügeln sind im geöffneten Zustand des Flügelaltars links die "Kreuztragung" sowie rechts die "Auferstehung" zu sehen, im geschlossenen Zustand werden der anbetende Stifter des Altars - durch Mitra und Stab als Bischof zu identifizieren - sowie der Schmerzensmann einander gegenübergestellt. Die drei Tafeln wurden wohl in der Sammlung Grzimek in ihren heutigen Rahmen (130 x 194 cm) eingefügt, wobei die Altarflügel nicht nach innen, sondern nach außen aufklappbar montiert worden sind.

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