Chuck Ripper (American, B. 1929) "Humboldt's Penguins" Signed lower right. Original Gouache Water Color on Masonite. Provenance: Collection of James A. Helzer (1946-2008), Founder of Unicover Corporation. This painting is the original painting which was published on the Fleetwood First Day Cover for the United Nations s7 Humboldt's Penguin stamp issued March 3, 1993. Also called the Peruvian Penguin, the Humboldt's Penguin is a rare bird indeed. Unlike most penguins -- which are residents of bitterly cold Antarctic regions -- the Humboldt's Penguin is found almost solely along the coast of South America, as its other name would suggest. Interestingly, the Humboldt's Penguin has evolved unique methods of adapting to tropical heat. Compared to Antarctic penguins, it has very sparse plumage and even completely bare spots to permit heat loss. The thick layer of subcutaneous fat found in other penguins is far thinner in the Humboldt's Penguin, which also has increased blood supply to certain areas of the skin, enhancing heat radiation. This fascinating bird formerly thrived in the cold waters of the Humboldt Current off the coast of South America. Nutrient-rich, these waters support large quantities of fish -- including the anchovies and pilchards which are the Humboldt's Penguin's favorite food. But despite the ability to breed all year, Humboldt's Penguin populations have been declining at an alarming rate. Human interference with nest sites, egg removal and habitat reduction caused by guano collection have all taken their toll. Today this bird faces yet another human threat. Commercial fisheries are removing anchovies and pilchards in large numbers, reducing the food supply and adding stress to the penguin's already tenuous grip on survival. Image Size: 14.75 x 12.25 in. Overall Size: 17.75 x 14.75 in. Unframed. (B14188)