5th-4th century BC. A bronze phiale with flanged rim, central mesomphalos boss surrounded by concentric circles and circlets, a border of lotus-flower details to the outer edge. See Godard, F. The Art of Iran, London, 1965 for discussion. 204 grams, 16.5cm (6 1/2"). Property of a London gentleman, acquired in the 1990s. Phiale mesomphalos (literally: bowl with central boss) were the most popular form of vessel and were produced in a number of materials, including clay, bronze, silver and gold. They are a distinctive type of Achaemenid tableware, made by hammering or raising sheet metal, with decoration added in repoussé. They were used in banquets held by the nobility and for pouring libations at religious festivals. Phiales of this kind were a common gift from the Achaemenid king to the nobility which helped cement alliances among the different tribes of the Empire.The central boss to the underside allowed the user to secure their fingers and ensure a solid grip whilst drinking or pouring. Fine condition.